Quantitative Aptitude and Logical Reasoning

Overview

Quantitative reasoning starts with understanding a situation before choosing a formula. Identify what is given, what is being asked, and which quantities have the same units. A number is easier to interpret when it has a reference: a percentage needs a base amount, an average needs a total and a count, and a ratio needs a statement of the order of its parts.

Use these guides in a practical sequence. First review arithmetic relationships such as fractions, percentages and ratios. Then use totals and weighted averages to combine groups correctly. Study simple interest as an application of proportional change. Finally, practise linear equations to turn a verbal relationship into a statement that can be solved and checked.

Logical reasoning uses a different kind of check. Instead of calculating an amount, ask whether a conclusion must be true in every situation allowed by the premises. Drawing a small set diagram or constructing one counterexample can be more reliable than deciding whether the conclusion merely sounds plausible.

For each tutorial, try the practice question before reading its answer. Write down the reference quantity or logical assumption you used, compare your result with an estimate, and explain why the method applies. This develops a reusable method rather than a memorised answer.

A repeatable problem-solving routine

Read the question once for meaning and once for quantities. Define the unknown, keep the units visible, and work through one relationship at a time. Check the final result against both the original question and a rough estimate.

Continue learning

• Logical Reasoning

  Learn to separate assumptions from conclusions and use set diagrams and counterexamples to test deductive arguments.

• Arithmetic and Algebra

  Connect fractions, percentages, ratios, averages and equations through clear reference quantities and consistent units.